Mu buzima bwa buri munsi, umukobwa w’umwangavu wese agira imihango mu gihe nta kibazo afite kihariye. Abakobwa  bamwe bagira Kuribwa mu gihe cy’imihango (dysmonerrhea mu cyongereza). Ubu buribwe kandi bukaba bushobora kuboneka mbere y’imihango ku bantu bamwe na bamwe.  Nkuko tubikesha urubuga rwa healthline, 80% by’abakobwa bararibwa mu gihe cy’imihango. Birashoboka ko umukobwa yaribwa mu gihe cy’imihango kuva mu bwangavu bwe kugeza acuze imbyaro. Abagore benshi bakaba bakunze kuribwa ku munsi wa mbere w’imihango. Ubushakashatsi bukaba bwarerekanye ko muri bo 5% bagira ububabare bukabije.Uburibwe mu gihe cy’imihango kandi bukaba bushobora kuba karande.

Nkuko tubikesha urubuga rwa Women Health Concern, iyo umubyeyi wawe aribwa mu gihe cy’imihango, uba ufite ibyago 40% yo kuba nawe uzaribwa. Kuribwa mu gihe cy’imihango bikaba bijyana n’ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe mbere by’imihango harimo kubyimba inda, kumva udatuje, umunaniro udasanzwe ndetse n’ibindi.Kuribwa mu gihe cy’imihango birimo ibice bibiri bitandukanye. Hari ukuribwa bidatewe n’indwara (Primary dysmenerrhea) ndetse no kuribwa bitewe n’indwara (secondary dysmenerrhea).  Ibi bice by’uburibwe bikaba biterwa n’impamvu zitandukanye.

1. Kuribwa bidatewe n’indwara (Primary Dysmenorrhea)

Kuribwa bidatewe n’indwara bikunze kugaragara mu bangavu batarengeje imyaka makumyabiri (20). Mu bubabare bugaragara mu gihe cy’imihango, 90% buba butatewe n’indwara (primary dysmonerrhea). Ni ikibazo gikunze gutuma abagore bigunga.  Ubu bubabare burangwa no kuza bugenda, ntago buza ngo bumare igihe.

Ibitera ububabare mu gihe cy’imihango butatewe n’indwara (primary dysemonerrhea)

Ububabare butatewe n’indwara buterwa n’ibi bikurikira:

• Ubwiyongere bw’umusemburo wa prostaglandins, utuma imikaya (muscles) ya nyababyeyi yikaya (contraction)

• Kuba mu muryango wanyu harimo icyo kibazo; nkuko twabibonye, ikibazo cyo kuribwa mu gihe cy’imihango gishobora kuba karande, ukakigira bitewe n’imiterere y’abagize umuryango wawe

• Kuba inkondo y’umura ifunganye, ku buryo amaraso asohoka bigoranye

• Gusohora amaraso menshi mu gihe cy’imihango nabyo bishobora gutera uburibwe

Ubu buribwe bukaba bushobora gukurikirwa n’impamvu zitandukanye harimo isesemi, kuribwa umutwe, umunaniro ndetse no kuruka.

2.  Kuribwa bitewe n’indwara (Secondary dysmenorrhea)

Ubu bubabare mu gihe cy’imihango bufata abakobwa bari hejuru y’imyaka 20, ububabare bukiyongera uko imyaka igenda iza. Ubu bubabare bushobora kandi kurangwa no kubabara mu gihe cy’imibonano mpuzabitsina (dyspareunia), kuva bidasanzwe ndetse n’ubugumba. 

Ibitera  kuribwa mu gihe cy’imihango bitewe n’indwara (secondary dysemonerrhea)

• Endometriosis: iyi ni indwara igaragara mu gihe tissue ubundi zikurira muri nyababyeyi zakuriye hanze yayo nko mu mirerantanga cyangwa se mu miyoborantanga. Iyi ndwara rero ikaba ishobora gutera uburibwe mu gihe cy’imihango.

• Ovarian cyst: iyi ni indwara ifata imirerantanga (ovaries)

• Fibroid: ibi ni ibibyimba bifata nyababyeyi nabyo bitera ububabare mu gihe cy’imihango.

• IUD (Intra Uterine Device): aka ni agakorehso gashyirwa muri nyababyeyi karinda umugore kuba yasama. Aka kantu nako gashobora gutuma habaho uburibwe mu gihe cy’imibonano mpuzabitsina.

• Kuziba k’imiyoboro ijyana amaraso kuri nyababyeyi (ischemia)

• Gutwitira hanze ya nyababyeyi

• Infection mu myanya myibarukiro nazo zishobora gutera uburibwe mu gihe cy’imihango.

Ese kuribwa mu gihe cy’imihango biravurwa?

Nkuko twabibonye, kuribwa mu gihe cy’imihango biterwa n’impamvu zitandukanye. Bitewe rero n’impamvu yabiteye, kuribwa mu gihe cy’imihango biravurwa.

Ububabare butatewe n’indwara bwavurwa mu buryo bukurikira:

• Gokoresha imiti yitwa NSAID (Non Steroidal Inflammatory Drugs): Iyi miti ibuza ikorwa rya prostaglandins, umusemburo wongera gukaya kw’imikaya igize nyababyeyi (uterine contraction). Iyi miti ntago ibuza ikorwa rya prostaglandins gusa, ahubwo ituma n’ibimenyetso biboneka mu gihe cy’uburibe urugero isesemi, impiswi ndetse n’ibindi bitabasha kubaho. iyi miti ikaba itangira gukora mu mubiri byibura nyuma y’iminota mirongo itatu 30). Urugero w’umuti wo muri ubu bwoko harimo Ibuprofen, naproxen. Kubera ingaruka ariko iyi miti ishobora kukugiraho, ni ngombwa kuwufata wawandikiwe na muganga.

Ububabare bwatewe n’indwara bwavurwa mu buryo bukurikira:

• Kuvura indwara ituma habaho ububabare: niba ububabare bwatewe n’indwara, ni byiza kuvura indwara kugirango ububabare yateraga buveho. Ari ibibyimba bishobora kubagwa, bityo uburibwe mu gihe cy’imihango bugahagarara. Ndetse n’izindi ndwara zatera uburibwe nka infections mu myanya myibarukiro, zishobora kuvurwa bityo uburibwe ntibwongere kubaho.

Nakora iki mu gihe ndibwa mu gihe cy’imihango?

Hari uburyo butandukanye bukoreshwa kugirango uburibwe bugabanuke. Inama ya mbere Tantine yakugira, ni uko igihe uribwa mu gihe cy’imihango wakwegera muganga, akareba impamvu iri kubitera, bityo ukaba wavurwa.Nanone ariko, mu gihe uribwa, hari uburyo wakwitwara ndetse n’ibyo wakora kugirango ugabanye uburibwe.

• Gerageza gukora sport nko koga cyangwa kwiruka, byafasha mu kugabanya uburibwe.

• Gerageza gukora massage ku nda gake gake, nabyo byafasha kugabanya ububabare

• Reka kunywa itabi: bimwe mu bigize itabi bishobora kuziba imiyoboro icamo amaraso (vessels), bikaba byatuma habaho uburibwe butewe n’amaraso adahagije agera muri nyababyeyi. Ni byiza rero kwirinda itabi.

• Koresha amazi ashyushye uri gukaraba: ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko amazi ashyushye agabanya ububabare, ndetse akaba yanatuma wumva umubiri wawe uruhutse.

• Niba uri mu rugo, gerageza gufata igicupa kirimo amazi ashyushye(ariko adashyushye cyane), ukegereze ku gice cy’inda yo hasi, ibi bishobora kugabanya ububabare.

• Gerageza gufata indyo irimo epinari, tangawizi, sereri, ibikomoka ku ngano, imineke, inanasi (ifasha mu kuruhura imikaya) ndetse n’ibihwagari.

• Imiti igabanya ububabare harimo nka ibuprofen, paracetamol, naproxen cyangwa dicyclomine yafasha mu kugabanya ububabare. Iyi miti iyo uyifashe ari myinshi ishobora gutera ibibazo harimo uburwayi bw’umwijima, tukaba tugirwa inama yo kuyifata igihe uburibwe butubuza gukora imirimo yacu itandukanye. Niba ugira uburwayi bw’igifu, wakwifashisha meftal, antalgex cyangwa spasfon. (Tubibutse ko iteka ari byiza gufata imiti wabanje kuyandikirwa na Muganga)

Igihe ugerageje gukora ibyavuzwe haruguru ugakomeza kugira uburibwe,  ni byiza ko ujya kwa muganga kuko icyo gihe akenshi impamvu y’ububabare iba yatewe n’indwara.